|
Harold Levinson is an American psychiatrist and author, best known for developing the cerebellar theory of treating dyslexia. ==Career in psychiatry== Levinson has pursued alternative theories and treatments for dyslexia since the 1960s. In 1973 he and researcher Jan Frank published an article in the ''Journal of Child Psychiatry'' stating that their findings suggested dyslexia was caused by a faulty connection between the cerebellum and the other parts of the brain, instead of the cerebrum. By 1974 Levinson's cerebellar and related inner-ear theory that dyslexia has been mentioned in the popular press. His cerebellar-vestibular theory led him to treating children with dyslexia as he would children with an inner ear problem, using anti-motion sickness medication. He also used the same over-the-counter medication to help treat the associated attention deficit, hyperactivity, impaired concentration and distractibility. In interviews about his treatment he has stated that "The inner ear and cerebellum work like a fine-tuner to the brain", and the motion sickness medication helps with the fine tuning. His findings suggested that cerebellar problems cause a scrambling of information, which secondarily confuse higher brain processors. Levinson has been using the same treatment since the 1960s and in 1978 the new treatment was covered by the American press. Levinson appeared on television to discuss his treatment ideas in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In 1985, Levinson observed that 750 out of 1000 dyslexia patients also had problems with balance and coordination. By 1986 Levinson had medically treated more than 8,000 patients with dyslexia, and reported a success rate of between 75% and 80%. He had also studied more than 20,000 patients in total. One of the additional psychological problems Levinson determined was associated with the same brain disorder is the rise of adult phobias. Levinson's observations led him to believe that up to 90% of people who suffered from phobias also suffered from cerebellar and inner-ear malfunctions, leading the suffered to believe the fear is rational. He published a book entitled ''Phobia Free'' in which his findings were outlined. Levinson was interviewed on ''The Phil Donahue Show'' in the early 1980s,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''The Phil Donahue Show'': Guests include psychiatrist Harold Levinson - "A Solution to the Riddle Dyslexia" - and dyslexia victim Bruce Jenner )〕 in addition to many other network shows like ''Lifestyles with Regis Philbin'', and ''The Today Show'', ''The Morning Show''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Levinson bio )〕 Levinson is formerly a clinical associate professor of psychiatry at New York University Medical Center.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Harold Levinson: biography )〕 Levinson became the director of the Medical Dyslexic and Attention Deficit Disorder Treatment Centre on Long Island. He is now the Clinical and Research Director of the Levinson Medical Center for Learning Disabilities, which has had locations in New York, England, and Hong Kong.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Harry Levinson on the Psychology of Leadership )〕 In the 1970s Levinson also developed instruments called the 3-D Optical, Auditory and Tactile Scanners, used to gather visual, auditory- phonetic and touch sensory data related to the dyslexic condition. The scanners were used by Levinson to screen and diagnose children and adults for dyslexia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harold Levinson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|